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- $Unique_ID{BRK04195}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Romano-Ward Syndrome}
- $Subject{Romano-Ward Syndrome QT Prolongation without Congenital Deafness QT
- Prolongation with Extracellular Hypokalemia Surdocardiac Syndrome Jervell and
- Lange-Nielsen Syndrome }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1988, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders,
- Inc.
-
- 407:
- Romano-Ward Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Romano-Ward Syndrome) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing on the next
- page to find alternate names, disorder subdivisions, and related disorders
- covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- QT Prolongation without Congenital Deafness
- QT Prolongation with Extracellular Hypokalemia
- Surdocardiac Syndrome
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
-
- Romano-Ward Syndrome is a genetic heart disorder. Symptoms usually begin
- during infancy or early childhood, although onset during adulthood is
- possible. Recurrent symptoms such as fainting, convulsive seizures and/or
- heart beat irregularities with chest pain may occur. Physical exertion,
- excitement or stress may trigger onset of symptoms.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Unexpected partial or total loss of consciousness accompanied by abnormal
- heart rhythms, associated with long Q-T intervals, are usually the first
- noticeable symptoms of Romano-Ward Syndrome. These symptoms tend to recur
- unexpectedly. The normal duration of one phase of electrical activity in the
- ventricles of the heart is referred to as the Q-T interval. When this
- interval is longer than normal, the heart beat may become slowed or beat with
- an irregular rhythm. Overexertion, excitement or stress may trigger these
- recurrent symptoms, although they often begin without any precipitating
- factors. The severity of attacks may vary. Some people may have a prolonged
- Q-T interval and/or mild chest pain with no loss of consciousness. Others
- may lose consciousness completely or have grand mal seizures followed by a
- period of disorientation.
-
- Lowered potassium levels in the blood may also be symptomatic of Romano-
- Ward Syndrome. This deficiency may be linked to the heart beat
- irregularities.
-
- Causes
-
- Romano-Ward Syndrome is thought to be inherited as an autosomal dominant
- trait with variable penetrance. (Human traits including the classic genetic
- diseases, are the product of the interaction of two genes for that condition,
- one received from the father and one from the mother. In dominant disorders,
- a single copy of the disease gene (received from either the mother or father)
- will be expressed "dominating" the normal gene and resulting in appearance of
- the disease. The risk of transmitting the disorder from affected parent to
- offspring is 50% for each pregnancy regardless of the sex of the resulting
- child.) Variable penetrance means that characteristics or symptoms of a
- particular disorder may not be manifested in all those who inherit the
- defective gene.)
-
- Affected Population
-
- Only approximately 155 cases of Romano-Ward Syndrome have been reported in
- the medical literature during this century. This extremely rare disorder
- appears to affect males and females in equal numbers.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorder can be similar to Romano-Ward Syndrome.
- Comparison may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome is characterized by loss of
- consciousness due to heart beat irregularities and is inherited as an
- autosomal recessive trait. Deafness, which is symptomatic of this disorder,
- does not occur in Romano-Ward Syndrome.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- In most cases, Romano-Ward Syndrome is treated with the drug propranolol.
- Surgical removal of certain nerves going to the heart, or a combination of
- surgical and drug therapy may help control heart beat abnormalities. Raising
- blood levels of potassium can also improve some symptoms. Genetic counseling
- may be of benefit to patients and their families. Other treatment is
- symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Treatment of Romano-Ward Syndrome with an implantable automatic cardioverter-
- defibrillator is being investigated in conjunction with antiarrythmic drug
- therapy. This device detects the abnormal heart beat automatically and
- selectively delivers an electrical impulse to the heart. Another implantable
- device, the QT-sensitive cybernetic pacemaker, is also being tested. This
- unit may be able to monitor heart rhythm and detect development of severe
- heart beat irregularities. Effectiveness and side effects of these implanted
- devices have not been fully documented and more extensive research is being
- pursued before their therapeutic value for Romano-Ward Syndrome can be
- evaluated.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- July 1988. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep
- every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate.
- Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most
- current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Romano-Ward Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- American Heart Association
- 730 Greenville Avenue
- Dallas, TX 75231
- (214) 750-5300
-
- NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-4236
-
- For genetic information and genetic counseling referrals, please contact:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- PROLONGED Q-T SYNDROME (ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME). DESCRIPTION OF A CASE
- DIAGNOSED IN INFANCY: V. Meschi, et al.; Pediatr Med Chir (Jan.-Feb. 1985,
- issue 7(1)). Pp. 131-136.
-
- MANAGEMENT OF THE PROLONGED QT SYNDROME AND RECURRENT VENTRICULAR
- FIBRILLATION WITH AN IMPLANTABLE AUTOMATIC CARDIOVERTERDEFIBRILLATOR: E.V.
- Platia, et al.; Clin Cardiol (September 1985, issue 8(9)). Pp. 490-493.
-
- THE QT-SENSITIVE CYBERNETIC PACEMAKER: A NEW ROLE FOR AN OLD PARAMETER?
- P. E. Puddu, et al.; Pace (January 1986, issue 9(1 pt 1)). Pp. 108-123.
-
-